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How to Prevent Heatstroke in Dogs
Heatstroke is a serious and potentially life-threatening condition that affects dogs, particularly during warmer months. Understanding what causes it, how to spot the signs and what to do if your dog shows symptoms is essential for every responsible owner. Prevention is the most effective approach, and by taking simple steps, you can protect your dog from this dangerous condition.
This article will explain what heatstroke is, whether dogs can get it, the signs to watch out for and most importantly, how to prevent it. We will also cover what to do if your dog does develop heatstroke, including first aid measures and when to contact a vet.
Key Takeaways
Here are the five biggest takeaways from this article about preventing heatstroke in dogs:
Heatstroke in dogs is a life-threatening emergency caused by overheating and a lack of ability to regulate body temperature.
Dogs are particularly vulnerable in hot weather, especially certain breeds and older pets.
Common signs of heatstroke include excessive panting, drooling, confusion, vomiting and collapse.
Preventing heatstroke involves keeping your dog cool, avoiding walks during the hottest parts of the day and ensuring they have access to fresh water.
If your dog shows signs of heatstroke, act quickly by cooling them down and calling your vet.
What is heatstroke in dogs?
Heatstroke in dogs occurs when their body temperature rises to a dangerous level and they cannot cool themselves down. Unlike humans, dogs cannot sweat through their skin. They mainly regulate their temperature through panting, which becomes less effective in very hot or humid conditions. If their body temperature rises above 39.2°C, they are at risk of heat-related illness. If it reaches 41°C or higher, this can lead to organ failure or death if not treated quickly.
Heatstroke can come on rapidly, especially in enclosed spaces such as cars, conservatories or unshaded gardens. Even short periods in the heat can be dangerous. It is important to know that heatstroke is an emergency and requires immediate action.
Can dogs get heatstroke?
Yes, dogs can and do suffer from heatstroke, particularly in the UK during summer months when temperatures rise. While it may not always feel extremely hot to us, dogs are much more sensitive to heat. The PDSA states that heatstroke often happens when a dog is exposed to high temperatures without proper ventilation, shade or hydration. This can occur in parked cars, during exercise in warm weather, or even simply lying in the sun without access to water [1].
Some dogs are more prone to heatstroke than others. Flat-faced breeds like Pugs and Bulldogs are at higher risk due to their shorter airways. Older dogs, puppies and those with existing health issues also need extra care in warm conditions.
Signs of heatstroke in dogs
Recognising the early signs of heatstroke can be life-saving. The RSPCA outlines several symptoms to watch for [2]:
Heavy panting or rapid breathing
Excessive drooling
Lethargy or appearing drowsy and uncoordinated
Vomiting or diarrhoea
Collapse or seizures
As heatstroke progresses, dogs may become confused, develop bright red or pale gums and lose consciousness. These signs should never be ignored. If you suspect your dog has heatstroke, treat it as an emergency.
How to prevent heatstroke in dogs
Preventing heatstroke involves planning and awareness, particularly during warmer months.
Avoid walking in the heat
Try to walk your dog early in the morning or later in the evening when temperatures are cooler. Pavements can become dangerously hot during the day and may burn your dog’s paws. Always check the ground with your hand before heading out. If it feels too hot to touch, it is too hot for your dog.
Never leave dogs in cars
Even with windows open, cars can quickly become dangerously hot. On a warm day, the temperature inside a car can rise quickly, reaching deadly levels within minutes. Never leave your dog in a parked car, even for a short time. This remains one of the most common causes of fatal heatstroke in pets.
Keep them cool at home
Make sure your dog has access to shaded areas indoors and outside. Keep curtains closed to reduce indoor temperatures and use fans to improve airflow. Some dogs benefit from cooling mats or damp towels on the floor to lie on. Frozen treats and ice cubes can also help regulate their temperature.
Provide plenty of water
Ensure your dog has constant access to fresh, cool water. On hot days, place extra water bowls around your home and garden. If you are going for a walk, always bring water with you. Encourage regular drinking but avoid forcing it, especially if your dog is distressed.
Avoid overexertion
Exercise should be limited in hot weather. Stick to short, gentle walks and avoid intense play. Even dogs that usually enjoy activity can become overheated quickly. Allow time to rest and keep a close eye on how they are coping.
Use dog-friendly cooling products
There are many cooling aids designed for pets, such as cooling vests, mats and collars. These can provide relief and help regulate your dog’s temperature. Always choose products made specifically for dogs and follow the instructions carefully.
Be extra careful with high-risk dogs
Certain breeds are more at risk. Flat-faced dogs like Boxers and Shih Tzus have more difficulty breathing and cooling down. Older dogs, puppies and pets with thick coats or underlying health conditions also need extra monitoring. If you have a high-risk dog, take additional precautions and limit their exposure to heat.
How to treat heatstroke in dogs
If you suspect your dog has heatstroke, act quickly. Immediate treatment can make the difference between life and death.
Move your dog to a cooler area
Take them out of the sun and into a shaded or air-conditioned space. Indoors is ideal, but anywhere cooler than where they were will help.
Cool them down gradually
Pour cool (not cold) water over your dog’s body, especially around the neck, chest, belly and paws. You can also use wet towels or place them in front of a fan. Avoid using ice-cold water, which can cause shock.
Offer small amounts of water
Allow your dog to drink small sips of cool water if they are alert enough to do so. Do not force them to drink, as this could cause choking or further distress.
Contact your vet immediately
Even if your dog appears to be recovering, heatstroke can cause internal damage. Contact your vet as soon as possible. They can assess whether your dog needs urgent care or monitoring.
Final Thoughts
Heatstroke is a serious and potentially fatal condition that affects many dogs each year. It can come on quickly and progress rapidly, especially in hot environments or after overexertion. By knowing the signs and taking simple steps to prevent it, you can keep your dog safe and comfortable during warmer weather. Always act quickly if your dog shows any symptoms, and do not hesitate to seek professional help. Prevention, awareness and quick action are key to protecting your dog’s health and well-being.